Roots of maxillary first premolar

The function of this premolar is similar to that. Although it usually has two canals, it may rarely have three and this third canal can easily be missed. Most commonly biroote the maxillary first premolar is a transitional tooth between incisor and molar. Loss of the posterior molars subjects the premolars to heavy occlusal loads.

Removable appliances increase torque on these frequently clasped teeth, and the additional forces, in concert with deep carious lesions, can induce heavy calcification of the pulp chambers.

A total of 2extracted human adult maxillary first premolar teeth from North Indian population were collected. Access cavities were prepared and the coronal pulp tissue was extirpated. The samples were stored in nitric acid solution for days.

If the mesiodistal distance distance is equal to or wider in the root than the crown, expect three roots. The number of canals each first premolar have – have canals, have canal, and have canals. Type IV, are Type II, are Type I. Upper 1st premolars - roots.

Lower 1st and 2nd premolars (bicuspids) - Just have root.

Variability in the number of root canals. As with the first maxillary premolar , the apical third of the root may curve quite considerably, mainly to the distal, sometimes buccally. The access cavity is similar to the first premolar.

The majority of maxillary first premolars had root (4 ) or roots (5 ). Regardless of the number of roots , the vast majority (8 ) had root canals, with type IV (2-2) being the most common canal configuration (6 ). The frequency of two roots is more than in Caucasoids and less than in Mongoloids. The maxillary first premolar has variable morphology but is generally considered to have two roots and two canals (Fig. 8). The roots maybe completely separate or arise as twin projections from a common mid-trunk.

The buccal cusp is usually about mm longer than the lingual cusp. The crown is angular, and the buccal line angles are prominent. F igure 9-Maxillary right first premolar , mesial and occlusal aspects. The purpose of this study was to assess the root and canal morphology of maxillary first premolar teeth from a Ugandan population using the clearing technique.

Material and methods The material consisted of 2extracted maxillary first premolar teeth. Numerous studies using the clearing method showed a higher incidence of this anatomic variation, ranging from 1. The facial ridge is not as prominent as that of the maxillary 1st premolar. External root morphology of the maxillary first premolar: one-root (left), fused-root (centre) and two-root (right).

Transverse section of the different root forms: one-root (left), fused-root (centre) and two-root (right). Conversely, most of the single-rooted maxillary first premolars had root canal shape type II (two canals converging in the same apical foramen). Often, the first premolar presents itself with two coni-cal roots , one buccal and one palatal, and two respective canals. However, this dental element may have many variations, especially in the amount of roots.

When bifurcate the roots of a maxillary first premolar separate many millimeters apical to the CEJ. Mandibular First Molar: Facial and Lingual Aspects Bifurcate mesial and distal roots. Deep depresson on the root trunk that extends from the cervical line to the bifurcation. The upper first premolar has Mesial Marginal Developmental Groove in its mesial aspect.

It also has long central groove and no supplement groves on its occlusal surface. Also of the upper premolars have roots. However, the upper second premolar has no MMDG and many supplemental groves. Maxillary Second Premolar Similar to the first premolar in coronal morphology, the second premolar varies mainly in root form.

Its crown is narrower in the buccal-palatal dimension and slightly wider in the mesial-distal. In the present study only 13.