Maxillary second premolar roots

Maxillary Second Premolar. Similar to the first premolar in coronal morphology, the second premolar varies mainly in root form. Its crown is narrower in the buccal-palatal dimension and slightly wider in the mesial-distal. The canal orifice is centrally located but often appears more as a slot than as a single ovoid opening.

Vertucci reported the occurrence of one canal at the apex in them at , and two canals at apex at.

Even rarer are reported clinical cases of maxillary second premolar with three separate roots and three canals. The maxillary second premolars show an even lesser incidence of 0. The mandibular second premolars usually develop from five lobes—three buccal and two lingual. The teeth included in the study were examined clinically and radiographically for the number of roots and root canals using magnifying loupes. Out of the total of 2maxillary second premolars , 1teeth had one root (5 ), teeth had two roots (4 ), and one tooth had three roots ().

The parallel root canals are frequently superimposed radiographically. They are usually shorter than the roots of the first molar and not as curved. The CEJ dimensions of these teeth are 7.

CEJ these teeth are both mm. Most maxillary second premo- lars commonly have one root with one root canal. Vertucci and Gegauff found of 4maxillary first premolars to have three canals: 0. One T OR F: The mesiobuccal cusp ridge is shorter than the distobuccal cusp ridge on the mandibular 1st premolar. As with the first maxillary premolar , the apical third of the root may curve quite considerably, mainly to the distal, sometimes buccally. The access cavity is similar to the first premolar.

A branch of biology that deals with the form and structure of animals and plants. The form and structure of an organism or any of its parts. The facial ridge is not as prominent as that of the maxillary 1st premolar.

The distal root depression is deeper than the mesial depression on the maxillary second premolar. Root length is normally as great, or slightly greater than the root structure of the first premolar. Most common form is single rooted with 90. The incidence of two rooted form ranges from 5. Like the root form, canal system also varies.

However, if the canal appears to be situated under either the buccal or lingual cusp, look carefully for a second canal under the opposite cusp. The opening is a narrow oval in shape.

They are posterior to the canines and immediately anterior to the molars. The premolars are so named because they are anterior to the molars in the permanent dentition. Morphological variations in the root canal system of maxillary premolars , mostly in vitro, have been reported in a number of studies. Three-rooted maxillary first premolars are uncommon, with an incidence of 0. Mandibular second premolars have been shown to have root canal at the apex in 97. In the present study, of maxillary first molars were rooted.

Our are similar to the findings of Libfeld (9 ), Neelakantan (9 ) and Sert (9). These studies were aimed to check the distribution with type of canals. This was, however, not investigated and is the limitation of the study.

A mesial developmental root depression may be present. On 1teeth, had a depression but it did not extend onto the crown. Root depressions contribute to the high percentage of second premolars that have two root canals in spite of having a single root. The mesial root depression is shallower than the distal root depression.

Loss of the posterior molars subjects the premolars to heavy occlusal loads. Removable appliances increase torque on these frequently clasped teeth, and the additional forces, in concert with deep carious lesions, can induce heavy.